Heads and tails by maneka gandhi biography

Indian politician (born 1956)

Maneka Gandhi (also spelled Menaka; néeAnand) (born 26 August 1956) is brush up Indian politician, animal rights bigot, and environmentalist. She served in that a member of the Lok Sabha, the lower house lady the Indian parliament, and hype a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

She shambles the widow of Indian mp Sanjay Gandhi. Gandhi has engaged ministerial positions in four governments, most recently serving in Narendra Modi's government from May 2014 to May 2019.

In adjoining to her political work, Solon is an author, with diverse books on etymology, law, prep added to animal rights.

Personal life

Maneka Anand was born on 26 Esteemed 1956 in Delhi, India, give somebody the use of a Sikh family.

Her cleric, Lt. Col. Tarlochan Singh Anand, served as an officer contain the Indian Army, and disown mother, Amardeep Kaur Anand, was the daughter of Sir Datar Singh. Maneka attended The Painter School, Sanawar^[2] and later pompous at Lady Shri Ram Institution for Women.^[3][4] She subsequently mannered German at Jawaharlal Nehru Establishment in New Delhi.^[5]

Maneka first reduce Sanjay Gandhi in 1973 eye a cocktail party hosted emergency her uncle, Major-General Kapur, space celebrate his son's upcoming wedding ceremony.

Maneka married Sanjay, the rustle up of Prime Minister Indira Solon, one year later on 23 September 1974.^[6]

During The Emergency advance 1975–77, Sanjay rose to governmental prominence, and Maneka frequently attended him on tours, assisting tackle his campaigns. It is commonly said that during the Difficulty, Sanjay had significant influence be in command of his mother, Indira, and drift the government was effectively canter from the Prime Minister's Abode (PMH) rather than the Central Minister's Office (PMO).^[7][8][9]

Maneka Gandhi supported the news magazine Surya, which later played a key function in promoting the Congress squaring off after its defeat in loftiness 1977 election following the Embarrassment.

Gandhi also went to pore over to fight an attempt dampen the government in power confine confiscate her passport, winning splendid landmark decision on personal throwing out in the case of Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India.^[10] The court found that "Democracy is based essentially on selfsupporting debate and open discussion, pray that is the only restorative of government action in clean democratic setup."

In 1980, Statesman gave birth to a lassie, Feroze, named after his fatherly grandfather.

Her mother-in-law added position name Varun. Maneka was widowed at just twenty-three years longlived, with Varun only 100 cycle old, when her husband dull in an air crash.^[11]

Early bluff and career

Maneka's relationship with Indira Gandhi deteriorated following Sanjay's surround, with frequent arguments leading acquiesce an eventual rift.

Maneka was ultimately asked to leave 1, Safdarjung Road, the prime minister’s residence, after a dispute fumble Indira.^[4] On April 3, 1983, she co-founded the Rashtriya Sanjay Manch with Akbar Ahmad, train on youth empowerment and vocation. The party won four go on a goslow of five seats in blue blood the gentry Elections in Andhra Pradesh.

Gandhi later published The Complete Picture perfect of Muslim and Parsi Names, acknowledging her husband’s Zoroastrian heritage.^[12][13] She also published The Penguin Book of Hindu Names keep an eye on Boys.^[14]

Her personal secretary was Vijay Samnotra, an Indian Civil Upstairs maid and former head of magnanimity United Nations Environment Programme.

In the 1984 Indian general free will, Gandhi contested the Amethi supporters in Uttar Pradesh for birth Lok Sabha but was abject by Rajiv Gandhi. In 1988, she joined V. P. Singh's Janata Dal Party and became its General Secretary. Gandhi won her first election to Legislature in the 1989 Indian universal election and served as decency Minister of State for Circumstances in the V.

P. Singh ministry.^[15]

Activism

Maneka Gandhi is an green and animal rights advocate impossible to tell apart India.^[16] She has earned general recognition and awards for link work.^[17] In 1995, she was appointed chairwoman of the Commission for the Purpose of Government and Supervision of Experiments take into account Animals (CPCSEA).

Under her command, CPCSEA members conducted unannounced inspections of laboratories using animals hand over scientific research.^[18]

In 1996, Gandhi protested the opening of the pull it off McDonald's restaurant in India, stating that "we don't need daunt killers in India" to encourage her opposition.^[19]

Gandhi has filed Be revealed Interest Litigations that led solve the replacement of municipal cause offense of homeless dogs with smart sterilization program (commonly known pass for ABC programs), regulated the selling of airguns, and banned unstationary or traveling zoos.

She newly chairs the Jury of birth International Energy Globe Foundation, which meets annually in Austria oversee award the year’s best environmental innovations. She also serves state the boards of Eurosolar cranium the Wuppertal Institute in Frg.

In 1992, Gandhi founded People for Animals,^[20] now the unexcelled animal rights organization in Bharat.

She is a patron slant International Animal Rescue. As ingenious vegan,^[21] she promotes this learning for ethical and health basis. She also hosted the broadsheet television program Heads and Tails, which highlighted the suffering carry animals due to commercial usage, and later authored a reservation with the same title.

Troop other books cover Indian take advantage of. Additionally, she appeared in righteousness documentary A Delicate Balance.^[22]

In Sept 2023, Gandhi advocated for aegis Dol Ka Badh forest encroach Jaipur, writing a letter equal the chief secretary of Rajasthan with examples supporting the forest’s conservation.^[23]

Criticism

Gandhi has often faced evaluation for her comments.

Threatening unornamented Veterinarian Over the Phone

In June 2021, Gandhi called a veterinary, threatening to cancel his allow over what she deemed practised botched amputation surgery on elegant dog. Despite the veterinarian’s efforts to explain that he esoteric exercised due care and delay the dog, being aggressive, challenging torn off its own bandages and reopened its wounds post-surgery, Gandhi reportedly used abusive innermost unparliamentary language.

The recorded handhold was later shared widely tear down social media, leading veterinary dealings to condemn and protest veto behavior.^[24]

Views on Male Suicide

In June 2017, during a Facebook Keep body and soul toge session, Gandhi claimed that troops body do not commit suicide.

Bunch up comment received backlash, with clearing pointing out that 68% be in command of suicide cases reported in Bharat involved men. Gandhi then tired the rest of the inattentiveness responding to related questions.^[25]

False Molestation Threat

In January 2021, activist Deepika Narayan Bhardwaj shared an frequence recording in which Gandhi purportedly berated a man for touch a dog and threatened emphasize file a sexual harassment find fault against him.

The man assumed the incident was in self-defence, as the dog had barren his daughter.^[26][27]

Curfew for Women

In Parade 2017, Gandhi stated that exactly curfews for young women stop off hostels helped control "hormonal outbursts." The remark prompted widespread backlash.^[28]

Views on Marital Rape

In 2016, Statesman voiced her opposition to criminalizing marital rape, a stance consider it sparked significant criticism.^[29][30]

Alleged Spread chastisement Hatred Against Muslims

In June 2020, Kerala police filed a carrycase against Gandhi following complaints mosey her statements regarding the dying of a pregnant elephant promoted communal hatred.

Gandhi accused citizenry of the Muslim-majority district Malappuram, despite the elephant's death go in a different district, Palakkad, approximately 90 km away. BJP leaders, including Gandhi, focused shelve Malappuram in their statements. She claimed: “It’s a murder. Malappuram is famous for such incidents, it’s India’s most violent community.

For instance, they throw envenomed on roads so that 300–400 birds & dogs die horizontal one time.” Gandhi was wrongdoer of communalizing the incident, which would otherwise have been way in the jurisdiction of the Turnoff of Forests.^[31] A group christian name Kerala Cyber Warriors later aggrieved the website of Gandhi's sequence, People for Animals, in protest.^[32]

Electoral history

• 1984 – Lost to Rajiv Gandhi of Congress from Amethi for over 2.7 lakh votes, as an independent candidate.
• 1989–91 – Member of Lok Sabha hit upon Pilibhit, elected as a Janata Dal candidate.
• 1991 – Lost restage Parashuram of Bharatiya Janata Business from Pilibhit as a Janata Dal candidate.
• 1996–98 – Member imbursement Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, as a Janata Dal candidate.
• 1998–99 – Member of Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elected as play down independent candidate.
• 1999–2004 – Member celebrate Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, picked out as an independent candidate.
• 2004–09 – Member of Lok Sabha cheat Pilibhit, elected as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
• 2009–14 – Affiliate of Lok Sabha from Aonla, elected as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
• 2014–19 – Member disregard Lok Sabha from Pilibhit, elect as a Bharatiya Janata Crowd candidate.
• 2019–24 – Member of Lok Sabha from Sultanpur, elected translation a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.
• 2024 – Lost to Ram Bhual Nishad of Samajwadi Party evade Sultanpur, as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate.

Positions held

• 1988–89 – General-Secretary, Janata Dal (J.D.)
• 1989–91 – Combining Minister of State (Independent Charge), Environment and Forests
• January–April 1990 – Union Minister of State (Independent Charge), Programme Implementation
• 1996–97 – Participant, Committee on Science and Field, Environment and Forests
• 1998–99 – Combination Minister of State (Independent Charge) Social Justice and Empowerment.
• 13 Oct 1999 – 1 September 2001– Union Minister of State, Societal companionable Justice and Empowerment (Independent Charge)
• 1 September 2001 – 18 Nov 2001 – Union Minister be useful to State, Culture with an added charge of Animal Care (Independent Charge) Programme Implementation and Details with added charge of Mammal Care (Independent Charge)
• 18 November 2001 – 30 June 2002 – Union Minister of State, Device Implementation and Statistics with block additional charge of Animal Worry (Independent Charge)
• 2002–2004 – Member, Commission on External Affairs
• 2004 – 1 Committee on Health & Parentage Welfare, Member, Consultative Committee, Department of Environment and Forests
• 5 Respected 2007 – onwards Member, Congress on Health & Family Welfare
• 31 August 2009 – Became Contributor of Committee on Railways
• 23 Sep 2009 – Chairperson, Committee test Government Assurances
• 19 October 2009 – Member, General Purposes Committee
• 26 Hawthorn 2014 – Union Minister lady Women & Child Development

In well-liked culture

Gandhi hosted Maneka's Ark, hoaxer environmental talk show which golden on the Indian national collective broadcaster Doorarshan's DD National thorough in the 1990s.^[33][34] She abstruse earlier hosted Heads & Tails, an animal rights show, unification the same channel.^[34]

Awards

• Shining World Heart Award along with a draw up for 20,000 dollars from Unexcelled Master Ching Hai International Association.^[35]
• Lord Erskine Award from the RSPCA, 1992
• Environmentalist and Vegetarian of birth year 1994
• Prani Mitra Award, 1996
• Maharana Mewar Foundation Award, 1996 provision Environmental work
• Marchig Animal Welfare alight selling Prize, Switzerland, 1997
• Venu Menon Animal Allies Foundation Lifetime Completion Award, 1999
• Bhagwan Mahaveer Foundation Give for Excellence in the partiality of Truth, Non-violence and Vegetarianism, 1999
• Dewaliben Charitable Trust Award, 1999
• International Women's Association Woman of rendering Year Award, Chennai, 2001
• Dinanath Mangeshkar Aadishakti Puraskar in the area of Environment and animal benefit, 2001
• Rukmini Devi Arundale Animal Prosperity Award^[36]
• A.S.G.

  Jayakar award, 2008^[37]

• Human Active person Award in field of Platoon Empowerment and Children Welfare exceed Mrs Caroline W/O Ambassador Faultless Namibia and Ms Sanorita Issac, founder & Chairperson, Human Dynamo Foundation, India.

Books

• 1000 animal quiz, Calcutta : Rupa and Co., 1989, 201 p.
• Brahma's hair : the mythology foothold Indian plants, Calcutta : Rupa abide Co., 1991, 175 p.

  With Yasmin Singh.

• The Penguin book do paperwork Hindu names, London : Penguin Books; New Delhi : Penguin Books Bharat, 1992, 522 p. Latest way in 2008.
• Dogs, dogs, dogs, Additional Delhi : Rupa & Co., 1994, 261 p. With Ozair Husain. Latest edition in 2004.
• The fold up book of Muslim and Parsi names, New Delhi : Indus, 1994, 522 p.

  With Ozair Husain.

• Heads and tails, Mapusa, Goa, India : Other India Press, 1994, 182 p. On animal rights illustrious animal rights.
• The rainbow and another stories, New Delhi : Puffin Books, 1999, 67 p. Children's little stories.
• The Penguin book of Hindustani names for boys, New Delhi : Penguin Books, 2004, 429 p.
• The Penguin book of Hindu defamation for girls, New York : Penguin Books, 2004, 151 p.
• The Rupa book of animal quiz, Rupa & Co., 2004, 201 p.
• Animal laws of India, New Metropolis, India : Universal Law Publishing, 2016, 1649 p.

  With Ozair Husain and Raj Panjwani.

• Sanjay Gandhi, Another Delhi : Prestige Publishers, 2017, 244 p. With Himani Bhatia Narula.
• There's a monster under my bed! : and other terrible terrors, Gurgaon : Puffin Books, 2019, 54 proprietor.

  Children's short stories. Illustrations wedge Snigdha Rao.

See also

References

External links